Ruggenenti, P., Cattaneo, D., Loriga, G., Ledda, F., Motterlini, N., Gherardi, G., Orisio, S., and Remuzzi, G. Ameliorating hypertension and insulin resistance in subjects at increased cardiovascular risk: effects of acetyl-L-carnitine therapy. As a supplement, acetyl-L-carnitine is usually considered safe when taken as directed. Reuter, S. E. and Evans, A. M. Long-chain acylcarnitine deficiency in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Diagnosis, treatment and outcome of glutaric aciduria type I in Zhejiang Province, China. Wei G, Zhou Z, Cui Y, et al. Do not take this medicine in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Whats more, five of the participants taking L-carnitine experienced nausea or diarrhea (24). Nephron 1991;57(3):306-313. Rodriguez DR, endible A, Gomez N, and et al. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021;22(1):195. J Strength.Cond.Res. 39. Bohles H, Sewell AC, Wenzel D. The effect of carnitine supplementation in valproate-induced hyperammonaemia. Lacour B, Di Giulio S, Chanard J, Ciancioni C, Haguet M, Lebkiri B, Basile C, Drueke T, Assan R, Funck-Brentano JL "Carnitine improves lipid anomalies in haemodialysis patients." Pediatr Res 1984;18:815-9. DiMauro, S. and Hirano, M. Mitochondrial DNA Deletion Syndromes. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 1999;13:205-9. When taken by mouth: L-carnitine is likely safe when taken for up to 12 months. View abstract. Biochem Pharmacol 1995;49:1403-10. Mettang, T., Thomas, S., and Kuhlmann, U. L-carnitine does not alleviate uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients. Valcour, V., Yeh, T. M., Bartt, R., Clifford, D., Gerschenson, M., Evans, S. R., Cohen, B. View abstract. Methods Mol.Biol. Rev.Salud Publica (Bogota.) View abstract. J Inherit.Metab Dis 2010;33(5):555-561. Clin Physiol 1984;4(4):363-365. 1996;24(4):251-255. Human studies indicate that taking acetyl-L-carnitine daily helps reverse the decline in brain function associated with Alzheimers and other brain diseases (32, 33, 34). J Urol. View abstract. 2007;62(4):349-354. View abstract. Pediatr.Neurol. Am J Clin Nutr 2007;86:1738-44. Changes in lipid pattern. Some studies demonstrate a potential for reducing blood pressure and the inflammatory process associated with heart disease (23, 39). Pediatrics 1994;93:893-5. Zhao, J. L., Gao, D. Z., Liu, D., He, H. H., She, Q., and Yin, Y. H. Improvement of exercise tolerance by L-carnitine in patients with cardiac syndrome X. Chin.Hosp.Pharm.J. Toptas, B., Baykal, A., Yesilipek, A., Isbir, M., Kupesiz, A., Yalcin, O., and Baskurt, O. K. L-carnitine deficiency and red blood cell mechanical impairment in beta-thalassemia major. Tejani, A. M., Wasdell, M., Spiwak, R., Rowell, G., and Nathwani, S. Carnitine for fatigue in multiple sclerosis. View abstract. View abstract. 2005;25(7):470-477. L-carnitine decreases severity and type of fatigue induced by interferon-alpha in the treatment of patients with hepatitis C. Neuropsychobiology 2003;47:94-7. 2008;28(8):495-500. Idiopathic facial paralysis: new therapeutic prospects with acetyl-L-carnitine. Klin Padiatr. Bradycardia treatment depends on the underlying cause of the low resting heart rate but may also include the surgical placement of a pacemaker. View abstract. 2010;38:152-5. We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information. Huang, Y., Huang, L. C., and Zhan, F. Clinical analysis of therapeutic effect of levocarnitine on dialysis patients. 1987;24(4):231-234. View abstract. View abstract. Plasma and urine carnitine concentrations in well-trained athletes at rest and after exercise. Nourshahi, M., Kaviani, M., Kimiagar, M., and Ebrahim, K. H. The effects of acute L-carnitine supplementation on anaerobic threshold and lactate accumulation during an incremental exercise. (20,39) About 98% of your L-carnitine stores are contained in your muscles, along with trace amounts in your liver and blood (17, 18). Effects of Citric Acid and l-Carnitine on Physical Fatigue. Mol.Genet.Metab 2008;94(3):287-291. Dal Lago A, De Martini D, Flore R, et al. AIDS Res.Hum.Retroviruses 2010;26(11):1207-1214. Megri K, Trombert JC Zannier A. View abstract. An JH, Kim YJ, Kim KJ, et al. View abstract. One interesting observation is that ingestion of CoQ10 late in the evening might cause insomnia 15 and this may be due to increased energy levels. View abstract. Anti-ischaemic efficacy of L-propionylcarnitine - a promising novel metabolic approach to ischaemia? A vitamin/nutriceutical formulation improves memory and cognitive performance in community-dwelling adults without dementia. Clin Ter. A few people may notice mild headaches. L-Carnitine may cause serious side effects. Rajasekar, P., Palanisamy, N., and Anuradha, C. V. Increase in nitric oxide and reductions in blood pressure, protein kinase C beta II and oxidative stress by L-carnitine: a study in the fructose-fed hypertensive rat. Endocr J 2018;65(5):521-6. The therapeutic effect of L-carnitine in patients with exercise-induced stable angina: a controlled study. It can also cause the urine, breath, and sweat to have a "fishy" odor. Newer research illustrates the potential benefits of carnitines different forms, which may be used for various conditions, including heart and brain diseases (22, 23). View abstract. Russell, S. Carnitine as an antidote for acute valproate toxicity in children. Andrologia. See our dietitian's picks for women. Benvenga S, Ruggeri RM, Russo A, et al. View abstract. Exp.Neurol. View abstract. View abstract. A healthy individual can also produce sufficient amounts within the body. View abstract. Drugs.com provides accurate and independent information on more than 24,000 prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines and natural products. Corbucci, G. G., Menichetti, A., Cogliatti, A., Nicoli, P., and Ruvolo, C. Metabolic aspects of acute tissue hypoxia during extracorporeal circulation and their modification induced by L-carnitine treatment. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. Amino.Acids 2008;35(2):419-423. Minerva Med 1989;80(3):227-231. View abstract. Prohaska ES, Muzyk AJ, Rivelli SK. View abstract. Clin Ter. Int J Fertil 1977;22:85-91. 2010;28(2):127-132. View abstract. J Nephrol. View abstract. Levocarnitine. Intravenous L-carnitine increases plasma carnitine, reduces fatigue, and may preserve exercise capacity in hemodialysis patients. Colon-Soto, M., Peredo, R. A., and Vila, L. M. Systemic lupus erythematosus after mesotherapy with acetyl-L-carnitine. Mezzina C, De Grandis D, Calvani M, et al. Kuwasawa-Iwasaki M, Io H, Muto M, et al. Scand.J Gastroenterol. Phase IIb multicentred randomised trial of besifovir (LB80380) versus entecavir in Asian patients with chronic hepatitis B. Am.J Alzheimers.Dis Other Demen. Hypertension 2010;55(2):e13. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019;31(7):878-84. doi: 10.1097/MEG.0000000000001368. Malaguarnera, M., Vacante, M., Bertino, G., Neri, S., Malaguarnera, M., Gargante, M. P., Motta, M., Lupo, L., Chisari, G., Bruno, C. M., Pennisi, G., and Bella, R. The supplementation of acetyl-L-carnitine decreases fatigue and increases quality of life in patients with hepatitis C treated with pegylated interferon-alpha 2b plus ribavirin. The protective effect of carnitine in human diphtheric myocarditis. 2010;16(6):504-509. Opala G, Winter S, Vance C, et al. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1999;290:1482-92. Wadzinski, J., Franks, R., Roane, D., and Bayard, M. Valproate-associated hyperammonemic encephalopathy. Curr.Opin.Pediatr. 2013 May;19(5):576-85. Feinfeld, D. A., Kurian, P., Cheng, J. T., Dilimetin, G., Arriola, M. R., Ward, L., Manis, T., and Carvounis, C. P. Effect of oral L-carnitine on serum myoglobin in hemodialysis patients. A single-center prospective pilot study. Kidney Int 1990;38:912-8. Creatine supplements may help improve strength and muscle mass in women. View abstract. JPEN J Parenter.Enteral Nutr. Gonzalez-Ortiz, M., Hernandez-Gonzalez, S. O., Hernandez-Salazar, E., and Martinez-Abundis, E. Effect of oral L-carnitine administration on insulin sensitivity and lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. 2007;26(12):967-969. Chan, A., Paskavitz, J., Remington, R., Rasmussen, S., and Shea, T. B. Efficacy of a vitamin/nutriceutical formulation for early-stage Alzheimer's disease: a 1-year, open-label pilot study with an 16-month caregiver extension. Are There Side Effects to L-Carnitine Supplementation? Nasca D, Zurria G, and Aguglia E. Action of acetyl-L-carnitine in association with mianserine on depressed old people. Shingu Y, Katoh N, Ooka T, Katoh H, Wakasa S. L-Carnitine supplementation for the prevention of postoperative atrial fibrillation in aortic valve surgery. View abstract. Digiesi, V., Palchetti, R., and Cantini, F. [The benefits of L-carnitine therapy in essential arterial hypertension with diabetes mellitus type II]. Wolfe, L. A., He, M., Vockley, J., Payne, N., Rhead, W., Hoppel, C., Spector, E., Gernert, K., and Gibson, K. M. Novel ETF dehydrogenase mutations in a patient with mild glutaric aciduria type II and complex II-III deficiency in liver and muscle. Jacobs, P. L., Goldstein, E. R., Blackburn, W., Orem, I., and Hughes, J. J. Glycine propionyl-L-carnitine produces enhanced anaerobic work capacity with reduced lactate accumulation in resistance trained males. View abstract. View abstract. J Diabetes Complications 1999;13:251-3. 2010;37(12):2353-2354. Here are several other types of carnitine: For most people, acetyl-L-carnitine and L-carnitine seem to be the most effective for general use. Kahn J, Lagakos S, Wulfsohn M, et al. Schweiz.Med Wochenschr 9-12-1992;122(37):1352-1355. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1998;54:503-8. Effect of l-carnitine supplementation on children and adolescents with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Use of a long-chain triglyceride-restricted/medium-chain triglyceride-supplemented diet in a case of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase deficiency with cardiomyopathy. Bartels GL, Remme WJ, den Hartog FR, et al. Clin Nutr ESPEN. Neurol 2000;55:805-10. Acta Haematol. View abstract. 2007;19(2):206-210. Novel and emerging treatments for autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review. Arch Neurol 1992;49:1137-41. [Effect of L-carnitine in patients with ischemic heart disease]. Fatouros, I. G., Douroudos, I., Panagoutsos, S., Pasadakis, P., Nikolaidis, M. G., Chatzinikolaou, A., Sovatzidis, A., Michailidis, Y., Jamurtas, A. You can get small amounts of L-carnitine from your diet by eating meat and fish (4, 5). Hoffman, J. R., Ratamess, N. A., Gonzalez, A., Beller, N. A., Hoffman, M. W., Olson, M., Purpura, M., and Jager, R. The effects of acute and prolonged CRAM supplementation on reaction time and subjective measures of focus and alertness in healthy college students. Vicari E, La Vignera S, Calogero AE. Grandis, D. D. Tolerability and efficacy of L-acetylcarnitine in patients with peripheral neuropathies: a short-term, open multicentre study. Examples: atenolol (Tenormin), carvedilol (Coreg), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol), propranolol (Inderal), sotalol (Betapace), timolol (Timoptic) and some other drugs whose chemical names end with "-olol." How they can cause insomnia: Beta-blockers have long been associated with sleep disturbances, including awakenings at night and nightmares. [v] 2008;27(3):253-259. View abstract. Pooyandjoo M, Nouhi M, Shab-Bidar S, Djafarian K, Olyaeemanesh A. Ann N.Y.Acad.Sci 2004;1033:168-176. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. Acta Neurol.Scand. Perez-Oliva, J. F., Guillen, Y., Gutierrez, F., and Parodis, Y. 2006;25(6):886-896. View abstract. This was not something I was expecting. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. Pharmacol Res 1998;37(2):115-122. Zilleruelo, G., Novak, M., Hsia, S. L., Goldberg, R., Abitbol, C., Monkus, E., and Strauss, J. Serati AR, Motamedi MR, Emami S, et al. View abstract. 2006;30(5):421-425. Am.J Emerg.Med. 2011;37(10):1716-1717. View abstract. Koeth RA, Wang Z, Levison BS, Buffa JA, Org E, Sheehy BT, Britt EB, Fu X, Wu Y, Li L, Smith JD, DiDonato JA, Chen J, Li H, Wu GD, Lewis JD, Warrier M, Brown JM, Krauss RM, Tang WH, Bushman FD, Lusis AJ, Hazen SL. View abstract. Am J Mens Health 2021;15(5):15579883211036790. Weschler A, Aviram M, Levin M, Better OS, Brook JG "High dose of L-carnitine increases platelet aggregation and plasma triglyceride levels in uremic patients on hemodialysis." J Pain Symptom.Manage. J Intern.Med. View abstract. Siami, G., Clinton, M. E., Mrak, R., Griffis, J., and Stone, W. Evaluation of the effect of intravenous L-carnitine therapy on function, structure and fatty acid metabolism of skeletal muscle in patients receiving chronic hemodialysis. JPEN J Parenter.Enteral Nutr. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1998;12:291-9. Chen, X. F., Li, Z., Ping, P., Dai, J. C., Zhang, F. B., and Shang, X. J. J Int.Soc.Sports Nutr. View abstract. Hiatt, W. R., Creager, M. A., Amato, A., and Brass, E. P. Effect of propionyl-L-carnitine on a background of monitored exercise in patients with claudication secondary to peripheral artery disease. 2007;110(2 Pt 2):480-482. View abstract. J Inherit.Metab Dis 2007;30(1):5-22. View abstract. Electromyogr.Clin Neurophysiol. 2016;63(10):885-95. Int.J Cancer 9-15-2008;123(6):1227-1239. [L-carnitine and cardiac metabolism and remodeling indices in alcoholic cardiomyopathy]. People with depression have low blood levels of a substance called acetyl-L-carnitine, according to a Stanford University School of Medicine scientist and her collaborators in a multicenter study. Pediatrics 1998;101:E9 (abstract). Silverio, R., Laviano, A., Rossi, Fanelli F., and Seelaender, M. L-Carnitine induces recovery of liver lipid metabolism in cancer cachexia. Evangelista, M., Koverech, A., Messano, M., and Pescosolido, N. Comparison of three lubricant eye drop solutions in dry eye patients. BJU Int 2001;88:63-7.. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. Ann Neurol 1988;24:301. Muscle carnitine deficiency in patients using valproic acid. L-carnitine supplementation may cause unpleasant fishy odor and suppress thyroid hormones. Cureus. View abstract. View abstract. Pucciarelli, G., Mastursi, M., Latte, S., Sacra, C., Setaro, A., Lizzadro, A., and Nolfe, G. [The clinical and hemodynamic effects of propionyl-L-carnitine in the treatment of congestive heart failure]. Am J Clin Nutr 1980;33(7):1489-1492. [Efficacy of natural vitamin E on oligospermia and asthenospermia: a prospective multi-centered randomized controlled study of 106 cases]. J Inherit.Metab Dis 6-15-2010; View abstract. Indian J Clin Biochem 1992;7:19-21. View abstract. Am J Kidney Dis 1995;26(5):757-764. View abstract. Weinhandl, E. D., Rao, M., Gilbertson, D. T., Collins, A. J., and Pereira, B. J. 2009;41(11):840-845. Four weeks of taking supplements did not increase fat burning (28). Sotobatake I, Noda S, Hayashi H, and et al. A., and Morrow, G. R. Pharmacologic treatment of cancer-related fatigue. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. L-carnitine and platelet aggregation in uremic patients subjected to hemodialysis. 2008;111(2 Pt 2):522-524. Derosa, G., Maffioli, P., Salvadeo, S. A., Ferrari, I., Gravina, A., Mereu, R., D'Angelo, A., Palumbo, I., Randazzo, S., and Cicero, A. F. Effects of combination of sibutramine and L-carnitine compared with sibutramine monotherapy on inflammatory parameters in diabetic patients. Hauck, E. W., Diemer, T., Schmelz, H. U., and Weidner, W. A critical analysis of nonsurgical treatment of Peyronie's disease. Amino.Acids 2012;42(5):1783-1792. More research is needed on long-term benefits for healthy individuals. View abstract. New Trends Clin Neuropharmacol 1989;3(1):17-24. Mol.Genet.Metab 2010;100(1):46-50. The effects of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid concentrations inpatients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Rossignol, D. A. Most people tolerate L-carnitine well. View abstract. Long-term effects of acetyl-l-carnitine on myocardial sympathetic innervation in diabetic patients. Rondanelli M, Opizzi A, Perna S, Faliva M, Solerte SB, Fioravanti M, Klersy C, Edda C, Maddalena P, Luciano S, Paola C, Emanuela C, Claudia S, Donini LM. [The impact of L-carnitine administration on the serum level of myocardium injury markers in patients with acute carbon monoxide poisoning]. carnitine and glucose/thiamine. 2009;37(4):622-631. Fertil.Steril. Cavallini G, Caracciolo S, Vitali G, et al. Cai, H., Yi, W., Li, M., and et al. Support Care Cancer. View abstract. [Ref], Very common (10% or more): Hypercalcemia (15%), hypervolemia (12%), Common (1% to 10%): Anorexia, hyperkalemia[Ref], Very common (10% or more): Pain (35%), flu syndrome (29%), chest pain (15%), accidental injury (12%), asthenia (12%), fever (12%), Common (1% to 10%): Peripheral edema, weight decrease, weight increase, Very rare (less than 0.01%): Body odor, International Normalized Ratio (INR) increased[Ref], Very common (10% or more): Injection site reaction (38%)[Ref], Musculoskeletal side effects, in chronic hemodialysis patients, for levocarnitine (the active ingredient contained in L-Carnitine) in relation to placebo therapy have included asthenia (8% to 12% vs 8%) and leg cramps (4% to 8% vs 13%). Several natural foods and beverages have been shown to increase metabolism and promote fat loss. View abstract. Ageing Res.Rev. Rockstar. Effect of propionyl-L-carnitine on quality of life in intermittent claudication. J Inherit.Metab Dis 2008;31(4):503-507. Ganio, M. S., Klau, J. F., Lee, E. C., Yeargin, S. W., McDermott, B. P., Buyckx, M., Maresh, C. M., and Armstrong, L. E. Effect of various carbohydrate-electrolyte fluids on cycling performance and maximal voluntary contraction. Am.J Kidney Dis 1999;34(4):678-687. De Pasquale, B., Righetti, G., and Menotti, A. Pediatr Nephrol 2021;36(11):3741-3747. For professional medical information on natural medicines, see Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Professional Version. View abstract. Brevetti G, Perna S, Sabba C, et al. For your body to produce it in sufficient amounts, you also need plenty of vitamin C (4). View abstract. South Med J 1993;86:1411-2. View abstract. Controlled study on the therapeutic efficacy of propionyl-L-carnitine in patients with congestive heart failure. View abstract. L-carnitine supplementation of a soybean-based formula in early infancy: plasma and urine levels of carnitine and acylcarnitines. View abstract. J Formos.Med.Assoc. View abstract. Lee, M. S., Lee, H. J., Lee, H. S., and Kim, Y. L-carnitine stimulates lipolysis via induction of the lipolytic gene expression and suppression of the adipogenic gene expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Acta Paediatr Hung 1986;27:253-8. Zhonghua Nan.Ke.Xue 2012;18(3):253-256. These symptoms are not considered to be severe side effects. Research shows that your levels tend to decline as you age (63, 64). 2007;135(11):1446-1449. Footitt, E. J., Stafford, J., Dixon, M., Burch, M., Jakobs, C., Salomons, G. S., and Cleary, M. A. Sheida A, Davar R, Tabibnejad N, Eftekhar M. The effect of adding L-Carnitine to the GnRH-antagonist protocol on assisted reproductive technology outcome in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a randomized clinical trial. (Cruciani et al., 2004). View abstract. Turk.J Pediatr 1998;40(1):79-84. L-carnitine is best known as a fat burner, but the overall research is mixed. View abstract. It seemed to get me fairly wired. Eur.Rev.Med.Pharmacol Sci 2010;14(4):292-301. Miles, C. L., Candy, B., Jones, L., Williams, R., Tookman, A., and King, M. Interventions for sexual dysfunction following treatments for cancer. View abstract. Fujiwara, M., Nakano, T., Tamoto, S., Yamada, Y., Fukai, M., Takada, K., Ashida, H., Shimada, T., Ishihara, T., and Seki, I. 3. View abstract. Safety, tolerability and symptom outcomes associated with L-carnitine supplementation in patients with cancer, fatigue, and carnitine deficiency: a phase I/II study. 2013;32(1):41-9. 1992;141(11):379-384. 2007;(4):CD005540. View abstract. Eur Heart J 1989;10(6):502-508. View abstract. Calabrese, V., Cornelius, C., Mancuso, C., Lentile, R., Stella, A. M., and Butterfield, D. A. Redox homeostasis and cellular stress response in aging and neurodegeneration. J.Altern.Complement Med. View abstract. In some people, carnitine can cause fishy body odor, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, muscle weakness, rash, increases in appetite, diarrhea or body odor, especially with the high doses found in supplements. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1996;73:434-9. 2013 Jul;27 Suppl 2:6-11. Clin Ther 2003;25(5):1429-1439. Common causes of insomnia include stress, an irregular sleep schedule, poor sleeping habits, mental health disorders like anxiety and depression, physical illnesses and pain, medications . Melegh, B., Kerner, J., Sandor, A., Vinceller, M., and Kispal, G. Effects of oral L-carnitine supplementation in low-birth-weight premature infants maintained on human milk. L-carnitine is an amino acid derivative that transports fatty acids into your cells to be processed for energy. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup.Physiol 1987;56(4):457-460. B., Das, A. M., DeKlerk, J. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2016;84(6):851-7. Chen Y, Abbate M, Tang L, Cai G, Gong Z, Wei R, Zhou J, Chen X. L-Carnitine supplementation for adults with end-stage kidney disease requiring maintenance hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rolim LC, da Silva EM, Flumignan RL, Abreu MM, Dib SA. Lu, S. M., Li, X., Zhang, H. B., Hu, J. M., Yan, J. H., Liu, J. L., and Chen, Z. J. PLoS.One. View abstract. View abstract. A placebo-controlled double-blind randomized trial of the use of combined l-carnitine and l-acetyl-carnitine treatment in men with asthenozoospermia. Fagher, B., Cederblad, G., Eriksson, M., Monti, M., Moritz, U., Nilsson-Ehle, P., and Thysell, H. L-carnitine and haemodialysis: double blind study on muscle function and metabolism and peripheral nerve function. Am.J Med.Genet.A 4-1-2008;146(7):803-812. Eur Heart J 1984;5(Abstr Suppl 1):138. 1986;13(6):268-276. Effects of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid profiles in patients with coronary artery disease. Arch Intern Med 1999;159:1143-4. China Food Additives 2003;5:40-43. Saudi.J Kidney Dis Transpl. View abstract. While using L-Carnitine, you may need frequent blood tests. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on acute valproate intoxication. There have been a few studies on acetyl-L-carnitine's use as a treatment. Many studies show that eating eggs regularly can improve health. In fact, in one study, a small group of people with hyperthyroidism saw these symptoms improve, and their body temperature become normal, when taking carnitine. Jpn Circ.J 1992;56(1):86-94. randomized, multicenter open-label trials. View abstract. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011265.pub2. J Infect Dis 1997;176:406-13. View abstract. J Nutr 2007;137(3 Suppl 2):847S-849S. Functional characteristics and tissue distribution pattern of organic cation transporter 2 (OCTN2), an organic cation/carnitine transporter. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1987;7:220-224. Obstet.Gynecol. Online ahead of print. Cao, Y., Wang, Y. X., Liu, C. J., Wang, L. X., Han, Z. W., and Wang, C. B. Vaux, E. C., Taylor, D. J., Altmann, P., Rajagopalan, B., Graham, K., Cooper, R., Bonomo, Y., and Styles, P. Effects of carnitine supplementation on muscle metabolism by the use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy and near-infrared spectroscopy in end-stage renal disease. Novak M. Carnitine supplementation in soy-based formula-fed infants. Pediatrics 2002;109(4):622-626. 2010;7:39. Z. Oral L-carnitine supplementation in low-birth-weight newborns: a study on neonates requiring combined parenteral and enteral nutrition. View abstract. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. View abstract. It can cause side effects such as stomach upset, heartburn, diarrhea, and seizures. Biomed Pharmacother. Muscle carnitine deficiency: adult onset lipid storage myopathy with sensory neuropathy. If given to patients on dialysis, 3 or more grams of L-carnitine daily might cause hypercalcaemia. Martinotti, G., Reina, D., Di, Nicola M., Andreoli, S., Tedeschi, D., Ortolani, I., Pozzi, G., Iannoni, E., D'Iddio, S., and Janiri, L. Acetyl-L-carnitine for alcohol craving and relapse prevention in anhedonic alcoholics: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial. 2007;52(6):1775-1776. B., and Wang, Y. X. View abstract. Background and aim: Clinical evidence which investigated the effects of l-carnitine, a vitamin-like substance, on weight loss had led to inconsistent results. Rockstar zero carb packs a powerful boost but has zero sugar and just 10 carbs per serving. A., Yamamah, G. A. E., El-Baky, A. M. N. E. A., El-Kassas, G. M., and Elhalim, A. 2013 Nov;30(8):742-7. Biol.Neonate 1987;51(4):185-193. View abstract. Nausea and vomiting Diarrhea Other possible side effects may include: Headaches and dizziness Insomnia Fatigue Skin itching or rashes Irritability or agitation The safety of use of CoQ10 during pregnancy and breast-feeding hasn't been established. Oncologist 2010;15:200-11. Sharifi, A. M., Zare, B., Keshavarz, M., and Ghaderpanahi, M. Effect of short term treatment of L-carnitine on tissue ACE activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Dal Negro R, Pomari G, Zoccatelli O, and et al. View abstract. Altunbasak S, Baytok V, Tasouji M, et al. Monaldi Arch.Chest Dis 2007;68(2):110-114. View abstract. Soczynska, J. K., Kennedy, S. H., Chow, C. S., Woldeyohannes, H. O., Konarski, J. Ishikura H, Matsuo N, Matsubara M, et al. Prevention of hepatotoxicity recurrence with valproate monotherapy and carnitine. 2007;16 Suppl 1:383-390. Japanese J.Physical Fitness Sports Med. A., Borum, P., Stall, C., Millspaugh, J., Taggart, E., and Lum, G. Carnitine status of pediatric patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Choose . Gut. Lee, P. J., Harrison, E. L., Jones, M. G., Jones, S., Leonard, J. V., and Chalmers, R. A. L-carnitine and exercise tolerance in medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency: a pilot study. Research suggests that L-carnitine may aid exercise performance and treat health conditions like heart disease and type 2 diabetes. View abstract. De Vivo DC, Bohan TP, Coulter DL, et al. Youle, M. and Osio, M. A double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, multicentre study of acetyl L-carnitine in the symptomatic treatment of antiretroviral toxic neuropathy in patients with HIV-1 infection. Benefits of L-carnitine. Xu XQ, Jing ZC, Jiang X, et al. View abstract. View abstract. Comparison of pharmacokinetics of L-carnitine, acetyl-L-carnitine and propionyl-L-carnitine after single oral administration of L-carnitine in healthy volunteers. View abstract. Bianchi, G., Vitali, G., Caraceni, A., Ravaglia, S., Capri, G., Cundari, S., Zanna, C., and Gianni, L. Symptomatic and neurophysiological responses of paclitaxel- or cisplatin-induced neuropathy to oral acetyl-l-carnitine. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc.Dis. View abstract. Sloan, R. S., Kastan, B., Rice, S. I., Sallee, C. W., Yuenger, N. J., Smith, B., Ward, R. A., Brier, M. E., and Golper, T. A. These include: Gastrointestinal: diarrhea, vomiting, nausea. Dig.Dis Sci 2008;53(11):3018-3025. Urology. View abstract. 2010;9(3):265-268. Clin Chim Acta 2005;360:173-7. J Pediatr 1986;109(6):984-988. Rajasekar, P. and Anuradha, C. V. Effect of L-carnitine on skeletal muscle lipids and oxidative stress in rats fed high-fructose diet. Dealberto, M. J. Valproate-induced hyperammonaemic encephalopathy: review of 14 cases in the psychiatric setting. Effects of carnitine supplementation on flow-mediated dilation and vascular inflammatory responses to a high-fat meal in healthy young adults. Very common (10% or more): Diarrhea (35%), abdominal pain (21%), vomiting (21%), nausea (12%), Common (1% to 10%): Constipation, dyspepsia, gastrointestinal disorder, melena, Very rare (less than 0.01%): Abdominal cramps[Ref], Very common (10% or more): Headache (37%), dizziness (18%), paresthesia (12%), Common (1% to 10%): Hypertonia, vertigo, taste perversion, Frequency not reported: Seizures (with or without pre-existing seizure activity), increase in seizure frequency and/or severity[Ref], There are reports from clinical trials of significant hypertriglyceridemia associated with high doses of levocarnitine (the active ingredient contained in L-Carnitine) (3 g/day) given to uremic dialysis patients. View abstract. Urology 2004;63:641-6. This includes older adults and people who rarely or never eat meat and fish. Thomsen, J. H., Shug, A. L., Yap, V. U., Patel, A. K., Karras, T. J., and DeFelice, S. L. Improved pacing tolerance of the ischemic human myocardium after administration of carnitine. Adv Exp Med Biol 1990;272:197-208. 5A5 Steak Lounge. Here are 9 easy ways to boost your metabolism, backed by science. Holzhauer, P. Casuistry: medical nutrition intervention with specific micronutrient and exercise therapy in pancreatic cancer. View abstract. Abbasnezhad A, Choghakhori R, Kashkooli S, Alipour M, Asbaghi O, Mohammadi R. Effect of L-carnitine on liver enzymes and biochemical factors in hepatic encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The effects of L-carnitine supplementation on glycemic control: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Musso, G., Gambino, R., Cassader, M., and Pagano, G. A meta-analysis of randomized trials for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Med.Sci Monit. Molyneux, R., Seymour, A. M., and Bhandari, S. Value of carnitine therapy in kidney dialysis patients and effects on cardiac function from human and animal studies. Side Effects. Sports Med 1996;22:109-32. OTHER NAMES(S): 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminiu, OTHER NAME(S): 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminiu, L-carnitine is a chemical that is made in the human.
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